Hot water rises, cools,and falls.
Heated air rises, cools, thenfalls. Air near heater isreplaced by cooler air, andthe cycle repeats.
natural convection
Air above warmer ground rises.
Inversion layer.
Air near ground is more dense thanair higher up; no convection currents to lift pollutants.
very hot, low-density
air is buoyed upward,carrying thermalenergy with it.
forced convection
Hot piston cylinders in automobileengine are cooled by water forcedaround them.
Hot room air is forced outside, while cooler air replaces it.
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